4th International Conference on Advances in Biotechnology and Bioscience November 15-17, 2018 Berlin, Germany

Biography:

Jutta Krause is a payload system engineer working since 2002 at the European Space Research and Technology Centre of the European Space Agency [ESA/ESTEC]. Sicne 2013 she is responsible for harware development for KUBIK life science experiments. She gaind an engineering degree in chemistry with a specialisation in biochemistry and biotechnology from the Fachhochschule Niederrhein in 1998

Abstract:

The European Space Agency (ESA) is an organisation of 22 member states. ESA’s mandate is to provide and to promote, for exclusively peaceful purpose, the cooperation among ESA member states in space research and technologies, as well as their space applications. This includes life science research on the International Space Station (ISS) in particular within the Columbus module. One of ESAs very successful equipment to conduct life science experiments in space is KUBIK, a 37x37x37 cm³ temperature controlled box, which was designed and developed in 2004. Since 2006 KUBIK is operating as a centre-isle unit inside of the Columbus module. It allows scientists to conduct experiments fully automated under microgravity conditions. Samples are returned to ground and the effects of exposure to the environmental conditions on the ISS can be investigated in the home laboratory. KUBIK has, over the years, hosted experiments on bacteria, fungi, human white blood cells, stem cells of various types, plant seedlings, and life tadpoles. A currently pending experiment will examine how microbial biofilms interact with rock surfaces across different gravity levels (weightlessness, Mars and Earth gravity). Results have been published by the scientists in various journals.

Because biological experiments are very volnuable, experiment preparation is a crucial part of the work. The careful planning of the experiment accounting for the ‘upload-’ and ‘download scenarios’ and the ‘no access to sample’ requires thourough testing upfront. Special designed harware needs science verification testing to ensure samples are turnde to the science laoratoy in useful quality.

Biography:

Marine Truchet is a third year PhD student from ESPCI in Paris. Before starting is PhD, Marine obtained an engineer diploma, in one of the best Engineering School in France, Centrale Nates.  She realized then an 8-month internship in a biotechnological start-up, Twist Bioscience. This experiment permit her to discover microfluidic and to aquire strong knowledge in biotechnology. This PhD project is a collaboration with the Gulliver laboratory in ESPCI and the pharmaceutical company SANOFI.

Abstract:

Biography:

Małgorzata Łochyńska has completed his PhD at the age of 26 years from Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan. She is the head of Department of Silkworms Breeding and Mulberry Cultivation INF&MP in Poznan, Poland. She has published 70 papers in international journals and attended in 93 research conferences.

Abstract:

In time of waste utilization problems, sericulture focuses not only on the cocoon production, but also on other ways that can benefit the farm’s economy and help with environmental protection. It is necessary to find new sources of income for farmers not only through cocoon selling, but also by the multiple uses of by-products. Insect farming technology provides a cheap source of biomass, which may be a good material in biogas production.

Studies showed that the substrates, both silkworm breeding waste and caterpillar excreta, generate a biogas yield similar to other substrates of agricultural origin, such as animals manures. Fermentation of silkworm excreta under mesophilic conditions produces 167.32 m³/Mg TS of methane and 331.97 m³/Mg TS of biogas, while fermentation of silkworm breeding waste yields 256.59 m³/Mg TS of methane and 489.24 m³/Mg TS of biogas.

Presentation shows a part of an extensive research project concerning management of products and by-products obtained from sericulture. The presented study allows investors and farmers to easily estimate the amount of electricity and heat offered by the available substrate.

Biography:

Manuel MATEOS DE VICENTE (Manuel MATEOS outside Spain) had the degree of Public Works Engineer and also Highways, Canals and Harbors Engineer (In Spain ITOP and ICCP).  He went to the United States and completed a 2 years MSc at the age of 30 from Iowa State University (ISU) and also a PhD  at the age of 33. He continued postdoctoral studies  and research at ISU to the age of 37. He passed the requirements as a Professional Engineer. He also studied in Norway, Austria and Baghdad Mustanshiriya University. He has completed non-technical studies such as anthropology, linguistics, etc. He continued doing research in 1964 mainly on traffic safety as well as on rural development, rare illnesses, heart arrhythmia and other subjects. His accepted proposals in traffic safety prevented hundreds of potential accidents for which he was awarded a medal. His research on the use of wastes is saving millions of tons of CO2 from going into the atmosphere. He has written more than 30 books and around 1.000 publications. His research on engineering has been presented in English in 39 Congresses, 19 of them at the USA National Academy of Sciences HRB and TRB, and published in Proceedings and Journals. He is the president of a company dealing with water supply. He is Life Member of seven scientific or technical societies of the USA. His work, studies or conferences took him to 25 countries.

Abstract:

Dr. Mateos started analyzing Alzheimer because a member of his family and some friends had it. This allowed him to analyze it in many different ways. He applied his knowledge based on the many courses in several subjects he took at Iowa State University for his MSc, PhD and postgraduate studies and research for eight years. Besides analyzing family and friends he also diagnosed many other Alzheimer’s patients.  This analysis was also made on hundreds of healthy persons to have a comparison. Blood, urine saliva were analyzed. He also followed the development of reactions mentioning people we knew, friends, facts of life, situations, towns where they had lived. Applying his knowledge of the 48 chemical products he first used in his MSc thesis and following research he noticed the body of Alzheimer patient had a high pH. Analyzing persons with known Alzheimer he noticed a common denominator: Alkaline fluids were present on dozens of Alzheimer patients analyzed. He also has known that Alzheimer patients who drink acid drinks show an improvement. He presented a basic research on Alzheimer at the Drug Discovery and Therapy World Congress in Boston 2014 and now he has more reliable and supported information. His findings have now the support of studies on Alzheimer made in three universities in other countries. Once we know the origin of Alzheimer it is easier to develop a medication to counteract it. His self-financed research could save billions of dollars.

Biography:

Vladimir Djoković received his PhD in physics from University Belgrade (Faculty of Physics) in 1999. He spent two year as a postdoctoral fellow at University of the Free State, South Africa. iN last couple of years, he was a visiting professor/researcher at NASA university research center, North Carolina Central University. So far, he published two book chapters and more than 60 papers in ISI journals. He is a leader of Polymer Nanocomposite group at Vinča institute from 2005 and a professor of polymer physics at Faculty of Physics, University of Belgrade.

Abstract:

Partially reduced graphene oxide (prGO), an intermediate form between graphene oxide (GO) and graphene, was studied as a potential probe for fluorescent bioimaging of cancer cells. prGO material was obtained by the reduction of the initially prepared graphene oxide nanosheets with hydrazine. The fluorescence of the GO sheets increases with time of the reduction due to a change in ratio of the sp² and sp³ carbon sites. It was found that the fluorescence intensity reached its maximum after reduction for 6 min and the prGO sample was extracted from the dispersion at this particular time. After that, the reduction process was left to proceed further to saturation until highly reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was obtained. Scanning transmission electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectrometry (STEM-EDS) was used to study the morphology and structure of the GO, prGO and rGO samples. Their optical properties were investigated by UV-vis and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopies. The fluorescent GO, prGO and rGO nanosheets were used in the DUV fluorescence imaging studies of the cancer liver cell line Huh7.5.1, which were performed on DISCO beamline of synchrotron SOLEIL. The internalization of prGO sheets by the cells resulted in a strong increase in the intensity of fluorescence signal, which was 2.5 times higher than the intensity of the autofluorescence of the control sample. Also, time-lapse fluorescence microscopy experiments showed that the dynamics of the fluorescent signals changes after incubation of the cells with GO, prGO and rGO sheets. The prGO nanostructure was suggested as a possible carrier for cancer drugs, since it could be easily conjugated with aromatic ring containing molecules.

Biography:

Razieh Khoshnevisan, born on September 5th, 1985 in Qom, Iran. She is currently PhD Student in medical immunology at the Medical University of Esfahan, Iran under the supervision of Prof. Roya Sherkat and Prof. Abbas Rezaie. And pass around two years internship in lab of prof christoph klein-munich -Germany. She will be involved in the recruitment of children with primary immunodeficiencies and very early onset inflammatory bowel disease from Iran. Our collaboration will provide Iranian patients with rare diseases access to modern genetic diagnostics and therapies

Abstract:

Introduction: Early-onset inflammatory bowel disease is a diagnosis of Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis and inflammatory bowel disease unclassified which runs a chronic, relapsing course, and can result in substantial long-term morbidity. IBD is a multifactorial disorder with genetic susceptibility, immunological predisposition and environmental triggers. To generally determine prevalence of IL10R mutation in IBD patients in Iran-Isfahan, we performed sequencing of all exons in IL10RA and IL10RB in a cohort of IBD patients and healthy control.

Materials & Methods: Total DNA content of each patient was extracted from whole blood with and PCR amplification was done.

Results & Discussion: Overall detection rate of IL-10RA mutations was 69.3% (53/76) and IL10-RB 3.9(3/76) in total patients. Identified IL-10RA mutations were P.(I224V), P.(A153V), P.(A153A), P.(S159G), P.(R263Q), P.(R284C), P.(R351Q), P.(Q376Q), P.(T416I), P.(A493V), P.(A511A) and P.(S563S) and IL10RB mutation was P.(K47E). Of them, P.(A153V), P.(A153A), P.(R284C), P.(T416I), P.(A493V), P.(A511A) and P.(S563S) were not reported variant in IBD variants. The most common mutations were p.(A153A) and p.(R361G) which found 63.1% (48/76) patients. Like as all studies which demonstrate relation between IL10R mutation and IBD our results also confirmed that early-onset IBD could be attributed to a synergistic effect of several variant alleles of the genes encoding IL10 receptors. These variants, alone, could only give rise to a sub-clinical manifestation of the IBD.

Biography:

Sara has completed her PhD at Tarbiat Modares University School of Nanotechnology. She is researcher at Niroo Research Institute. She has published more than 10 papers in international journals. She is project manager in Niroo Research Institute that is related to Biotechnology and Nanotechnology

Abstract:

Microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) is defined corrosion due to the presence and activities of microorganisms. Microorganisms produce localized attack including pitting, enhanced erosion corrosion, enhanced galvanic corrosion and stress corrosion cracking. Microbiologically influenced corrosion has been reported for all engineering metals, nonmetals and alloys. The industries most affected by MIC are power generation; oil production, transportation, and storage and water distribution. General environmental factors such as rainfall, soil moisture, temperature and topography are known to affect the corrosion rates. Electrical industry which is located in environmental harsh condition such as high temperature and moisture is affected by MIC. It should be noted that, management, control and inhibition of MIC is more important topic than bio-corrosion. To inhibit MIC, coating methods have been widely used because of their effectiveness, ease of application, and low cost. Organic coatings are employed to protect structural materials in industry against corrosion. Nanomaterials alter protective performance of organic coating with multifunctional characteristics rising from the distinctive features of them. Titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanoparticles are inhibitive elements with a strong oxidation power. TiO₂ nanocomposite with other metal oxide nanoparticles such as ZnO, ZrO₂ and CuO improve MIC inhibition and organic coating properties. These coatings with metal oxide nanocomposites as nanofillers could deliver a promising approach for anticorrosion and antibacterial in electrical industry.

Biography:

Dr. Sangeeta Yadav is working as Young scientist at Deptt. of Environmental Microbiology, B. B. Ambedkar Central University, Lucknow, India. She has completed his PhD in Bioscience and Dr. D.S.Kothari post doctoral fellowship on the lastest issue of environmental microbiology and biotecnology. She has also awarded CSIR- RA, CSIR-Senior Research Fellow (SRF), and Junior Research Fellow (JRF) During her doctorial degree, she got Gold medal for best research paper presentation in National Conference. She has published several (23) national and international research papers of high impact factor in area of bacterial degradation and management of Post Methanated Distillery Effluent (PMDE) for environmental safety. She has also published a book as co-author, 6 scientific Hindi articles and 6 book chapters. Her work has been widely cited and published by mass media. She is also life member of various scientific societies like Biotech Research Society of India (BRSI), Trivandrum, India; Academy of Environmental Biology, Lucknow, India; Association of Microbiologist of India (AMI), India; The Indian Science Congress Association (ISCA), India, and Society of Toxicology (STOX), India. Currently she is working in the area of Bioremediation and Metagenomic.

Abstract:

Biofilm mediated bioremediation is a promising technique to treat the complex compounds and biofilm formation is governed by quorum sensing. Lignin is a major component of wood and coloring recalcitrant compound which creates problem during degradation of lignin containing wastewater discharged by the wood based industries like pulp and paper mill industries. A kraft lignin-degrading potential bacterium showed biofilm formation and lignolytic enzyme activity was isolated from sludge of pulp and paper mill and characterized as Enterobacter cancerogenus by 16SrRNA gene sequencing. The E. cancerogenus showed production of name of AHL as quorum sensing molecules and production of EPS which protect the bacteria from adverse condition. However, this strain reduced the color (78%) and lignin content (68%) from kraft lignin-mineral salt medium when supplemented with glucose at pH 7.8 and 30°C after eight days. Functional groups of lignin are degraded effectively by E. cancerogenus proved by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, HPLC and gas chromatography-mass spectrometer, and the degradation products were amides, alcohols and acids. Microscopic analysis revealed that biofilms formed in presence of lignin accumulate higher biomass with greater thickness compared to the biofilms produced in presence of glucose as sole carbon source. Meanwhile, the genotoxicity of degraded lignin determined by examining Allium cepa root cell division showed reduced chromosomal aberration. Thus, this study concluded that this strain may be useful for decolorization of industrial wastewater containing high concentration of lignin.

Biography:

Egle Maximowitsch has completed her Bachelor’s degree in biochemistry at Vilnius University,   Lithuania in 2013 and Master’s degree in molecular biosciences at Heidelberg University, Germany in 2015. Since 2015, she is a PhD student in computational photobiology at Max Planck Institute  for Medical Research in Heidelberg, Germany.

Abstract:

Near-infrared absorbing molecular tools are in high demand for in vivo imaging and control of biological processes. Such tools can be engineered on the basis of phytochrome photoreceptor proteins which play a central role in red/far-red light reception in various organisms. Phytochromes can photoswitch between two thermally stable red-absorbing (Pr) and far-red-absorbing (Pfr) forms, although the molecular mechanism inducing the spectral tuning in phytochromes was unknown yet. We performed computational studies and identified molecular origin of the red spectral shift in the Pfr state. Quantum-chemical calculations demonstrated that interactions between the ring D of the tetrapyrrole chromophore and conserved aspartate lead to a change in the tetrapyrrole electronic structure, which translates to the red shift of the absorption maximum. The MD simulations demonstrated that these interactions can form only after other structural changes take place in the protein ensuring a coupling of the phytochrome spectral and conformational switching. Our study provides understanding of how hydrogen bonding controls phytochrome optical properties and enables rational design of phytochromes and other tetrapyrrole binding proteins as optogenetic tools and fluorescent proteins operating in the far-red spectral region.

Biography:

Vladimir Djoković received his PhD in physics from University Belgrade (Faculty of Physics) in 1999. He spent two years as a postdoctoral fellow at University of the Free State, South Africa. In last couple of years, he was a visiting professor/researcher at NASA university research center, North Carolina Central University. So far, he published two book chapters and more than 60 papers in ISI journals. He is a leader of Polymer Nanocomposite group at Vinča institute from 2005 and a professor of polymer physics at Faculty of Physics, University of Belgrade.

Abstract:

Hybrid nanostructures that comprise inorganic nanoparticles (noble metals, semiconductors) and biomolecules received a considerable attention in last decades due to a number of interesting fundamental properties as well as a wide range of possible applications. Here, we present the results on two types of hybrid structures: noble metal (Ag, Au) nanoparticles functionalized with small biological molecules (tryptophan, riboflavin) and ZnO‑biomacromolecule (cellulose, alginate) hybrids. The obtained materials were studied in detail by microscopic (TEM, SEM) and optical (PL and UV‑vis) techniques. The antimicrobial activity of the ZnO-, Ag- and ZnO/Ag-biomolecule hybrids was tested against the Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans pathogens. Silver nanoparticles functionalized with amino acid tryptophan and gold nanoparticles bi-functionalized with tryptophan and riboflavin were tested as fluorescent probes for deep-UV (DUV) imaging of microbial and cancer cells. DUV imaging was performed on DISCO beam line of synchrotron SOEIL, France. ZnO-biomacromolecule hybrids exhibit other interesting properties such as ability to immobilize antibodies, catalytic activity and a strong CO₂ absorption, which will also be presented.

Biography:

Maani Beigy is a student of General Medicine and Master of Public Health at Tehran University of Medical Sciences. He is also the former director of Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC). He has worked on Internal Medicine studies and in leadership roles across a wide range of interdisciplinary research projects. His research focus is now on precision/personalized medicine and developing the statistical methods and informatics framework of this paradigm of medical practice.

Abstract:

Background: Precision medicine emerges as the most important contemporary paradigm shift of medical practice but has several challenges in evidence synthesis and implementation for clinical practice. Because a modern physician, someone who practices precision medicine, should be able to quantify the possibility of having a particular condition precisely and to precisely choose the interventions for a particular individual.

Aim: We aimed to develop the required framework as a clinician-friendly, rapid, and low-cost clinical predictive method.

Methods: Generalized resemblance theory of evidence mainly rests upon generalized theory of uncertainty (GTU) which manages information as generalized constraints rather than limited statistical data, and also prototype resemblance theory of disease which defines the conditions (i.e., groups or subgroups) based on similarity measures with those prototypes and subgroups.

Results: We developed generalized resemblance linear models (GRLM) which are hybrid possibility-probability models that employ similarity measures to connect the high-dimensional variables with precisely defined outcomes. We used the data from NHANES study. The predictive power of GRLM was tested in detection of depression, in which GRLM (GRLM c-statistics=0.941, p-value<0.001; sensitivity=91.3%; specificity=94.9%) surpassed classical generalized linear models (c-statistics=0.797, p-value<0.001; sensitivity=78.3%; specificity=76.4%). The generalizability of data was demonstrated at the 2013-2014 cycle of NHANES.

Conclusion: GRLM seems to emerge as a feasible, robust and generalizable model for clinical prediction models in the realm of precision psychiatry.

Biography:

Dr. Abdulsadah A. Rahi completed PhD at the age of 42 years from Al-Nahrain University and postdoctoral studies from Tehran University of Mediccal Science (TUMS). I am the Dean of Science College at Wasit University. I published more than 45 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an editorial board member of repute. I am a member of Iraqi Inventors and Innovators Society (IIIS) branch of International Federation of Inventors Associations (IFIA) and had attended International Exhibition of Inventors in Germany (Nuremberg, 2016) and China (Foshan, 2018) and earned Gold Prize.

Abstract:

Leishmaniasis is mainly seen in 14 of the 22 countries of EMRO region, Iraq is endemic to cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) and visceral leishmaniasis (VL). 120 of skin lesion samples were collected from suspected cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) patients during the period from September, 2015 to end of February, 2016 in several areas of Iraq. Dermal scrapings were analyzed both by Giemsa-smeared and cultivation on NNN and RPMI 1640 media. Skin biopsies of 5 to 10 mm in diameter were taken under sterile conditions from the border of the ulcer and divided into three parts; the first part of the sample was smeared onto a glass slide, fixed with methanol, stained by Giemsa and examined under microscopy. A second part was inoculated on Novy-MacNeal-Nicolle (NNN) and Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI 1640) media and the third part was kept in freezer until used in molecular methods. The cultures were incubated at 25°C and observed every week for one month. The results of present study showed 87.5 % positive by Giemsa-smeared, 75% and 70% by cultivation on NNN and RPMI 1640 media, respectively. These were mainly in age group (≤1-6) years old (36.2%), more in males (57.1%) than females (42.9%). There was no significant difference between genders. The results of our study showed that high number of ulcers 42 (40 %) were in arm and 67 (63.8%) presented with single lesion. All skin samples were detected by Nested- PCR and revealed Leishmania in 87.5% of skin samples; 74 (70.5%) typed as L. major and 31(29.5%) typed as L. tropica. Phylogenetic tree analysis based on the Kinetoplast DNA partial sequence was used for Leishmania sp. analysis.

Biography:

Mrs. Magda A. Ali is PhD student at TUMS-IC completed MSc at the age of 42 years from Al-Anbar University / College of Medicine. I published more than 20 papers in reputed journals. I am a member of Iraqi Inventors and Innovators Society (IIIS) branch of International Federation of Inventors Associations (IFIA) and had attended International Exhibition of Inventors in Germany (Nuremberg, 2016) and China (Foshan, 2018) and earned Gold Prize.

Abstract:

Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) remains a serious public health concern in some parts of Iraq. Molecular characterization is now the most reliable method to differentiate between them and to determine their phylogenetic relationships. The aims of this study to evaluate the reappraisal of the diagnosis and epidemiology of CL in some parts of Iraq, by different parasitological, cultural, and this is the first study conducted to characterize Leishmania species causing CL among Iraqi people using PCR and RFLP-PCR methods.

Methods: A total of 86 cases of suspected cutaneous leishmaniasis were checked for Leishmania amastigote using Giemsa-stained smear; however the NovyMacneal Nicolle (NNN) culture led to the growth of promastigotes in all samples, then the samples were examined using PCR and RFLP-PCR methods.

Results: The highest infection (100 %) appeared by using PCR while the lowest infection (65.1%) appeared by culture on NNN media. The present study was revealed that the highest infection (60 %) caused by L.major than L.tropica (40 %) and there were two type of L.major and L.tropica; type A    (40 %) and type B (60 %).Our results showed that 53(61.6%) of CL patients were had single lesion and 33(38.4%) had multiple lesions, and the ulcerative wet type lesions were present in 65.1 %, while the nodule dry type lesions were present in 34.9%.

Conclusion: Leishmania isolates collected from different parts of Iraq showed that L.major and L.tropica are the agents of CL. Moreover, the present study  revealed that the genetic properties of a species can play an important role in the clinical manifestations, pathogenesis, epidemiology, and classification of the parasites. Control measures and health strategies should have high priorities to help treat the existing cases and prevent the expansion of the disease to new areas.

Biography:

Abstract:

Global interest in biofuel production has increased to achieve sustainable energy production and reduce climatic change especially in developing countries. The present study is pioneer resource assessment study in the Sudan and the Red Sea region. Its objectives are fourfold: to verify the existence of microalgae species in Sudanese’s Red Sea coast zone which are globally reported for their high biomass and biofuel production, to determine the potentially suitable sites for commercial production of microalgae, to estimate the biomass and biofuel productivity and the amount of sequestered carbon. The study made use of Red Sea algal review to verify the existence of the required species. The multi criteria analysis (MCA), as a GIS tool, was used for best site selection is used for industrial scale microalgae cultivation and biofuel production. Climate parameters, land use, landcover, slope and power plants as nutrients sources for CO₂ were considered. Theoretical calculations used for potential of biomass, lipids productivity and estimate of carbon fixation for study area based on sunlight and other climatic conditions of site selection assuming cultivation of Chlorella vulgaris in open pond system. The results of suitability analysis determined the bare land out Port Sudan city as suitable site for production with a total area estimated to be 19385 hectares. Carbon fixation for Red Sea was (279.8 T/ha/ year), (72427.4 L/ha/year) and (23.3 gco2/m/d), respectively, this figure are more suitable in compression with other tropical sites such as India, Ethiopia and Australia respectively. However, according to economic and environmental benefits, the study will provide a base to support decision-makers to establish generic strategy to enhance renewable energy sector to meet the SDGS.

Biography:

Ahmed Abdul Al-Abbas Shakir Al-jibawi completed master degree at the age of 36 years from   Baghdad university-college of medicine and after having obtained a Bachelor of Science in the Department of Industrial Pharmaceutical Chemistry. His research was on the use of pharmaceutical polymers such as Eudragit and ethyl cellulose in the manufacture of pharmaceutical molds. He also received the Diploma of Pharmacy Technician and he was in the field of pharmacy for 12 years.

Abstract:

Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the thyroid gland function in patients with chronic renal failure and an attempt to find a relationship between chronic renal failure and thyroid dysfunctions.

Subjects & Methods: A total of 96 subjects with age range from 15-67 years old (56 males and 40 females) were included in this study. Total number was divided into two groups according to their number Group A. Study group: (haemodialysis HD) consists of 48 patients and Group B. Control group: consists of 48 subjects. Also they were divided according to gender: Group I: Male (n=56) and Group II: Female (n=40).

Results: T3, T4, TSH, fT3, urea, creatinine, albumin and TSP were measured in each of the two groups. The results revealed statistically significant reduction in the serum level of tT3, fT3 more than tT4 in CRF group in comparison with normal levels in control group while there is no statistically significant difference seen between case and control groups with regard to TSH.

Conclusion: There is a decrease in the serum level of tT3, tT4 and fT3 but the decrease of tT3 and fT3 is more than tT4 in CRF group in comparison with normal levels in control group.

Biography:

Mai M. Raslan works as a lecturer at Biotechnology and Life Sciences Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Egypt. Mai Raslan has completed her PhD in Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cairo University, Egypt in 2011.

Abstract:

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chief global public health concern, as it is a tremendously widespread endocrine disease that causes many complications risking patient’s quality of life. The correlation of diabetes and disturbance of zinc homeostasis made zinc oxide nanoparticles an attractive therapeutic suggestion. Glucose-phosphorylating enzyme glucokinase (GK) and glucose transporter GLUT2, had been implicated in glucose metabolism control in DM. Curcumin, the major active polyphenolic constituent of turmeric rhizomes (Curcuma longa, family Zingiberaceae), shows pleiotropic effects on a wide spectrum of molecular targets. In DM, curcumin exerts hypoglycemic effects via different mechanisms including GK and GLUT2 gene expression. The use of nanoparticles in medicine is an attractive proposition. The current study aims to evaluate the potential activities of prepared and characterized curcumin nanoparticles (Curc-NP), zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NP), and curcumin-zinc oxide composite nanoparticles (Curc-ZnO-NP) on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats (10 rats/group). The potential defending character of every treatment against diabetic rats was evaluated by investigating different biochemical (glucose, insulin, urea, creatinine, HbA1-C, AST and ALT) and histopathological parameters as well as protein expression of GK and GLUT2 in the pancreas and livers of diabetic rats. Adult Wistar albino rats (180-200 g) were injected intraperitoneally with a freshly prepared STZ single dose (50 mg/kg b.w.) for the induction of type-2 DM. Diabetic rats were treated orally with a daily dose of 50 mg/kg b.w. of Curc-NP, and 10 mg/kg b.w. of ZnO-NP, Curc-ZnO-NP, and diamicron (traditional anti-diabetic agent) for 21 days. All treatments showed significant reduced blood glucose, elevated insulin levels, regulated GLUT-2 and glucokinase genes, however, Curc-ZnO-NP showed the most potent anti-diabetic activities comparable to normal rats. The histopathological findings confirm the biochemical and molecular data recommending Curc-ZnO-NP as a potential anti-diabetic agent.